Introduction: What is Natural Language Processing? Origins of NLP, Language and Knowledge, The Challenges of NLP, Language and Grammar, Processing Indian Languages, NLP Applications.

Language Modeling: Statistical Language Model – N-gram model (unigram, bigram), Paninion Framework, Karaka theory.

Word Level Analysis: Regular Expressions, Finite-State Automata, Morphological Parsing, Spelling Error Detection and Correction, Words and Word Classes, Part-of Speech Tagging.

Syntactic Analysis: Context-Free Grammar, Constituency, Top-down and Bottom-up Parsing, CYK Parsing.

Naive Bayes, Text Classification and Sentiment: Naive Bayes Classifiers, Training the Naive Bayes Classifier, Worked Example, Optimizing for Sentiment Analysis, Naive Bayes for Other Text Classification Tasks, Naive Bayes as a Language Model.

Information Retrieval: Design Features of Information Retrieval Systems, Information Retrieval Models – Classical, Non-classical, Alternative Models of Information Retrieval – Custer model, Fuzzy model, LSTM model, Major Issues in Information Retrieval.

Lexical Resources: WordNet, FrameNet, Stemmers, Parts-of-Speech Tagger, Research Corpora.

Machine Translation: Language Divergences and Typology, Machine Translation using Encoder-Decoder, Details of the Encoder-Decoder Model, Translating in Low-Resource Situations, MT Evaluation, Bias and Ethical Issues.