BCSL456D Program 9

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	\section{Emerging Powers in International Politics}
	  he 21st century is marked by an increased attention to the appeal and positive image of a country as instruments of influence in the international arena\cite{bohomolov2012ghost}. There has appeared the concept of soft power, whose author, U.S\cite{sergunin2015understanding}. political scientist Joseph Nye described it as “the ability to get what you want through attraction rather than coercion or payments\cite{hill2006moscow}.” A nation’s image secures attractiveness and trust in a country, playing a crucial role as the key soft power component\cite{kiseleva2015russia}. Therefore, the efforts of states along this line relate not so much to the sphere of culture and information as to geopolitics\cite{kosachev2012spsecific}.
	
	
	\section{Atomic Force Microscopy, a Powerful Tool in Microbiology}
      Understanding the functions of microbial cell surfaces requires knowledge of their structural and physical properties\cite{dufrene2002atomic}. Electron microscopy has long been recognized as a key technique in microbiology to elucidate cell surface ultra structure\cite{engel1999atomic}. An exciting achievement has been the development of cryotechniques which allow high-resolution imaging of cell structures in conditions close to the native state\cite{franz2008atomic}. Yet direct observation in aqueous solution remained impossible.Because of the small size of microorganisms, the physical properties of their surfaces have been difficult to study\cite{marrese2017atomic}. Quantitative and qualitative information on physical properties can be obtained by electron microscopy techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, and electrophoretic mobility measurements\cite{altman2015noncontact}. 
	
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@article{kosachev2012spsecific,
	title={The specifics of Russian soft power},
	author={Kosachev, Konstantin},
	journal={Russia in Global Affairs},
	volume={7},
	number={3},
	pages={1--11},
	year={2012},
	publisher={Фонд исследований мировой политики}
}

@article{sergunin2015understanding,
	title={Understanding Russia's soft power strategy},
	author={Sergunin, Alexander and Karabeshkin, Leonid},
	journal={Politics},
	volume={35},
	number={3-4},
	pages={347--363},
	year={2015},
	publisher={SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England}
}

@article{kiseleva2015russia,
	title={Russia's soft power discourse: identity, status and the attraction of power},
	author={Kiseleva, Yulia},
	journal={Politics},
	volume={35},
	number={3-4},
	pages={316--329},
	year={2015},
	publisher={SAGE Publications Sage UK: London, England}
}

@book{bohomolov2012ghost,
	title={A ghost in the mirror: Russian soft power in Ukraine},
	author={Bohomolov, Oleksandr and Lytvynenko, Oleksandr Valeri{\u\i}}ovych},
    year={2012},
    publisher={Chatham House London}
}

@article{hill2006moscow,
	title={Moscow discovers soft power},
	author={Hill, Fiona},
	journal={Current History},
	volume={105},
	number={693},
	pages={341--347},
	year={2006},
	publisher={University of California Press}
}

@article{dufrene2002atomic,
	title={Atomic force microscopy, a powerful tool in microbiology},
	author={Dufr{\^e}ne, Yves F},
	journal={Journal of bacteriology},
	volume={184},
	number={19},
	pages={5205--5213},
	year={2002},
	publisher={Am Soc Microbiol}
}

@article{engel1999atomic,
	title={Atomic force microscopy: a powerful tool to observe biomolecules at work},
	author={Engel, Andreas and Lyubchenko, Yuri and M{\"u}ller, Daniel},
	journal={Trends in cell biology},
	volume={9},
	number={2},
	pages={77--80},
	year={1999},
	publisher={Elsevier}
}

@article{franz2008atomic,
	title={Atomic force microscopy: a versatile tool for studying cell morphology, adhesion and mechanics},
	author={Franz, CM and Puech, P-H},
	journal={Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering},
	volume={1},
	pages={289--300},
	year={2008},
	publisher={Springer}
}

@article{marrese2017atomic,
	title={Atomic force microscopy: a powerful tool to address scaffold design in tissue engineering},
	author={Marrese, Marica and Guarino, Vincenzo and Ambrosio, Luigi},
	journal={Journal of functional biomaterials},
	volume={8},
	number={1},
	pages={7},
	year={2017},
	publisher={MDPI}
}

@article{altman2015noncontact,
	title={Noncontact atomic force microscopy: an emerging tool for fundamental catalysis research},
	author={Altman, Eric I and Baykara, Mehmet Z and Schwarz, Udo D},
	journal={Accounts of Chemical Research},
	volume={48},
	number={9},
	pages={2640--2648},
	year={2015},
	publisher={ACS Publications}
}